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| Burchardus de Monte Sión, Descriptio Terrae Sanctae, 1283. Miniatura por Jean Mielot, canónigo de Lille, para el Duque de Borgoña, Felipe el Bueno, 1455. Bibliothėque Royale de Belgique, Bruselas [+]. In 1455 Philip the Good ordered Jean Mielot, canon of Lille, to translate the Descriptio Terrae Sanctae, by the Dominican monk, Burchard du Mont-Sion (1283). Against a stylized and conventional background, the artist has set details which show authentic knowledge; one might even think that he had been to the Holy Land himself. At the foot, by the edge of the sea, stands a ruined stronghold, with a great tower. Perhaps this is Athlit, the Pilgrims Castle that the Templars abandoned in 1291. The first town, bristling with minarets, may well be Ramleh; the one on the left is certainly Bethlehem, with its great basilica. Jerusalem is viewed from the west; the Dome of the Rock still retains its octagonal shape, although the bulbous dome is imaginary; to the right stands Al-Aqsa, shown as a church. On the left the Holy Sepulchre displays its large, open-topped dome, and its outer enclosure. In the foreground the Tower of David can be seen complete with its four corner towers. The Dome of the Ascension dominates the Mount of Olives, up which winds a zigzag road. One might even, with a varying degree of certainty, be able to identify also St. James, St. Anne, Latin-Saint-Mary and the Hospital. | John R. Bartlett, "Burchard's Descriptio Terrae Sanctae : The Early Revision," Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 2013, pp. 61–71. |
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| Bernhard von Breydenbach, Libro-guía de peregrinaje Peregrinatio in Terram Sanctam, 1483. Primera guía de viaje impresa de la historia. IMAGEN: Erhard Reuwich, CIVITAS IHERVSALEM, Paisaje urbano de Jerusalén, 1486. Siguió imprimiéndose hasta fines del siglo XVIII [+] Drawing circa 1483-1484 by the printer and engraver Erhard Reuwich who drew from life images for Bernhard von Breydenbach. The prints were published in Breydenbach’s book of description of his pilgrimage. Reuwich drew Jerusalem as seen from the Mount of Olives. The Dome of the Rock, labeled the Temple of Solomon, is in the immediate foreground. | « Temple de Salomon » figure sur le dessin reconnaissable du Dôme du Rocher. | Image circa 1483-1484 by the printer and engraver Erhard Reuwich who drew from life images for Bernhard von Breydenbach. The prints were published in Breydenbach’s book of description of his pilgrimage. Reuwich drew Jerusalem as seen from the Mount of Olives. The Dome of the Rock, labeled the Temple of Solomon, is in the immediate foreground. | Louis van Empelen, "The Realism of Erhard Reuwich's Cityscape of Jerusalem (1486)," Eastern Christian Art 8 (2011), pp. 15-28. |
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| Reuwich, CIVITAS IHERVSALEM, 1483-86. First printed map of Jerusalem. It was published by Bernhard von Breydenbach in Mainz (where the printing press had been invented) in his Peregrinatio in Terram Sanctam.[+] "Among the early printed maps of Jerusalem there is a special group of realistic maps, which should be identified as pilgrimage maps. They were based on an actual acquaintance with the city, and drawn by pilgrims or for them. These maps depicted Jerusalem as the Holy City for Christianity; portraying the city through the eyes of the Christian pilgrims, and reflecting their perceptions, excitement and devotion. They often underscored the city's religious sites and traditions, and undermined certain elements of the city's actual cultural and religious landscape.In this paper, a comparative content analysis of three pilgrimage maps, one in Latin, one in Greek and one in German, will be presented. The aim of this comparison is to examine how attitudes, messages and ideas were conveyed, by the mapmakers to their readers. A detailed analysis demonstrates that although these three maps are almost identical in shape, they represent in fact three conceptual images of the Holy City, each drawn by its maker, through his own perception, depicting the Holy City in his own eyes, heart and mind." Rubin, Rehav (2006). "One city, different views: A comparative study of three pilgrimage maps of Jerusalem," Journal of Historical Geography, 32 (2): 267–290. |
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| Hartmann Schedel, Liber Chronicarum, Núremberg, 1493: "TEMPLUM SALOMONIS." Xilografía por Michel Wolgemut. Impresa por Wilhelm Pleydenwurff |
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| Sefer Hashorashim, 1546. Marcantonio Giustinian Publishing House Printer Mark [+] |
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| 1546. Title page of Avodat ha-Levi, printed in Venice 1546. Authored by Solomon ben Eliezer ha-Levi, a Turkish Talmudist who lived around the 15th-16th century. |
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| Sefer Hashorashim, Marcantonio Giustinian Publishing House Printer Mark, 1546 [+] |
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| Title page of Avodat HaLevi, authored by Turkish talmudist rabbi Solomon ben Eliezer HaLevi, printed in Venice 1546 [+] |
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| Avodat Halevi. SOLOMON BEN ELIEZER HALEVI. Avodath Halevi-Moreh Tzedek, listing of the precepts according to the Torah portion of the week with reference to sources throughout Rabbinic literature. Second edition. Printer’s device on title (Yaari no. 16). Title-page with Hebrew aurthograph signature of Shmuel Treves. ff.28. 8vo. Vinograd, Venice 286; Mehlman 790. Venice: Cornelio Adelkind for Marco Antonio Giustiniani 1546 [+] |
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| Giustiani. The printers' mark of Marco Antonio Giustiniani (Venice, 1545-52). Stamped on the title page of the Hebrew books he published and shows the Temple in Jerusalem. Date, between 1545 and 1552. Source: Encyclopaedia Judaica for Youth, Keter Publishing House Ltd, Israel 1994. Vol. 5, pg. 79. [+] |
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| Prague. Levush ha-Orah by Mordechai ben Avraham Jaffe. Biblical commentaries. Hayyim ben Jacob HaCohen, Printing House in Prague, 1603. Czech Republic | Bohemia | Prague. Tel Aviv | Gross Family Collection (GFC) | B.588 - Hayyim ben Jacob HaCohen of Prague, Printer's mark (Temple as the Dome of the Rock with two lions lying with a lamb, inscribed Ariel) (Yaari, no. 50) [+] |
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| Tempio di Salamone. Miniatura en Chronique du voyage dans la sainte ville de Jérusalem, siglo XVII. Musée Condé, Chantilly |
Representaciones alemanas del Templo en AK 021 210204
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| Hayyim ben Jacob Hacohen, Praga. The Pentateuch, Weekly Portions from the Prophets, Five Festive Scrolls. The second Prague edition of the Pentateuch, Weekly Portions from the Prophets, Five Festive Scrolls with a commentary by Rashi. A pair of angels supporting a shield adorned with the motif of hands raised in blessing – the emblem of the Kohenim (priests). Hamisha Humshe Torah, Megillot, Haftarot. Prague: Gershom ben Solomon ha-Kohen and his sons Mordecai and Solomon, 1530; accession no. 170.419. Jewish Museum, Prague [+]. Printer’s device of Gershom ben Solomon ha-Kohen from 1514. Reused in Hamisha Humshe Torah […], Prague, 1530. JMP, sg. 2.361, fol. [1b], photo: The Jewish Museum of Prague [+] |
